ABSTRACT
After axotomy or the compersion the nerve, the death of spinal cord nerves cell body occur. Compersion is one of the factors causing the degeneration of the spinal cord cell body. This degeneration is due to the reversed factors of the damaged area that have reached to cell body. Prosopis farcta is a member of leguminosae family and mimosaceae subfamily. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of ethanolic extract of pod prosopis farcta plant, on neuronal density of anterior horn following sciatic nerve compression in rat. This experimental study was performed on thirty male wistar rats with the age of about three months years and 300-350 gr weight. The animals were divided into five groups. A] control, B] compression, C] compression + treatment with 25 mg/kg ethanolic extract, D] compression + treatment with 50 mg/kg ethanolic extract and E: compression + treatment with 75 mg/kg ethanolic extract. After anesthetizing the rats, the muscle of thigh was splited and the sciatic nerve was kept under compersion, the muscle and skin were stitched subsequently. In the experimental groups the alchoholic extract of the prosopis farcta was injected to the rats with 25mg/kg, 50mg/kg, 75mg/kg dosage by the intrapritoneal way weekly. After 28 days of compresion, the rat, were put under the perfusion method and some samples were taken of their lumbar spinal cord and after tissue processes, 7 micron slide were provided of the samples serially. Slides were stained by toluidin blue, and some photos were taken and neuronal density of the alpha motoneurons alpha anterior horn of the spinal cord was calculated by the disector method. Data were analyzed using Minitab software, ANOVA and t- tests.] The neuronal density in the compression group [628 +/- 29.7] was decreased significantly in compare to the control group [1562 +/- 35.3] [P<0.05]. The neuronal density in group C [1070 +/- 91], increased significantly in compare to the compression group [p<0.05]. The neuronal density in group D [1117 +/- 62.8] and group E [1669 +/- 86.5] significantly increased in compare to the compression group [P<0.05]. This study showed that alchoholic extract of the prosopis farcta has a neuroprotective effect following sciatic nerve compression in rats
ABSTRACT
More than sixty one substances have been found in Cannabis sativa which are called cannabinoids. Cannabinoids are involved in all stages of memory.The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of leaves aquatic extract of Cannabis sativa on the neuronal density of CA1, CA2 and CA3 of Hippocampus in rats. In this experimental study twenty four male Wistar rats [weight 300-350 g] were divided into two experimental and one control groups. Cannabis sativa was extracted with Soxhlet apparatus. Aquatic extract was injected introperitonealy [I.P.] in experimental groups with two dosages [50 mg/kg and 25 mg/kg] for three weeks. After one month, animals were decapitated and their brains were dissected, fixed in 10% formalin, sectioned in 7 micro m thickness and stained by hematoxin-eosin [HE]. By applying dissector techniques and systematic random sampling scheme the neuronal density of CA1, CA2 and CA3 of Hippocampus were estimated. Then, the numerical density in each group compared with control group using t-test and ANOVA statistics and Turkey test by Minitab 13 software. Neuronal density average of CA1 area in control, experimental 1 and 2 groups were 37396 +/- 553, 10081 +/- 233 in CA1 and 10986 +/- 382, CA2 area 33045 +/- 449, 14648 +/- 284 and 17147 +/- 378 and in CA3 area 26324 +/- 437, 10469 +/- 215 and 13829 +/- 359 respectively. Statistical analyses showed significant decrease [P<0.001] in the CA1, CA2 and CA3 of Hippocampus neuronal density in experimental groups compared to control group. Aquatic extract of Cannabis sativa leaves has canabinoids substances that may effectively increase dopamine release and inhibit the production of impulse and induce neuronal degeneration in Hippocampus leading to reduction of the neuronal density of Hippocampus
Subject(s)
Male , Animals, Laboratory , Cannabinoids , Plant Leaves , Memory/drug effects , Plant Extracts , Post-Synaptic Density/drug effects , Hippocampus/drug effects , Rats, WistarABSTRACT
Neurons are injured under physical, chemical and pathological conditions. The effects of injuries in peripheral nervous system returns as retrograde to the cell body of neurons in central nervous system and causes brain and spinal degeneration. This study was done to evaluate the effect of aquatic extract of Cannabis sativa leaves on degeneration of alpha motoneurons in spinal cord after sciatic nerve compression in Rats. This experimental study was carried out on thirty two male Wistar rats, weighing 300-350 grams. Animals were divided into four groups each consisting eight members; A: control, B: compression, C: compression +treatment with 25 mg/kg aquatic extract, D: compression +treatment with 50 mg/kg aquatic extract. In order to induce compression in B, C and D, after cutting the right thigh muscle, Sciatic nerve of thigh was exposed to compression for 60 seconds using locker pincers. The first extract injection was done intraperitoneally immediately after compression and the second intera peritoneal injection was done 7 days later. 28 days after compression, the Lumbar spinal cord were dissected, fixed and stained with toluidine blue. The density of alpha motoneurons was measured using dissector and stereological methods. Data was analyzed with using Minitab-13 software, ANOVA and Tukey tests. Neuronal density was 611.5 +/- 34.2 and 1633.4 +/- 30.7 in compression and control groups respectively [P<0.001]. There was a meaningful statistical increase in neuronal density of group C [1278.6 +/- 28.1] in comparing compression group [P<0.001]. The neuronal density in group [D] [1549.8 +/- 87.7], significantly increased in comparison with group [B] [P<0.001]. This study showed that aquatic extract of Cannabis sativa leaves increases the density of alpha motoneurons in spinal cord after sciatic nerve compression in Rats. The increase in neuronal density is relevant to the amount of extract used